Question 1

What is the history of Kodak Fortress?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress was built in the 17th century to control the Zaporozhian Cossacks and guard the southeastern corner of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Cossack forces captured it in 1635, and it was rebuilt three times larger in 1639. It surrendered after a seven-month siege in 1648, and under the Treaty of the Pruth it was destroyed in 1711.

Question 2

What is inside Kodak Fortress?

Accepted Answer

Inside Kodak Fortress, the documented space is an open parade and courtyard within the inner square. The rebuilt fortress also contained a Catholic church with a monastery and an Orthodox church. Today, however, the site survives only as ruins and earthworks, so these historic interior spaces are not preserved as an intact castle interior.

Question 3

When was Kodak Fortress built?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress was built in 1635. Construction began that year beside the first Dnieper rapids, and the fortress was rebuilt in a larger form after its capture and partial destruction. The rebuilding was completed in 1639, making the site a fortification developed in two main 17th-century phases.

Question 4

What did Kodak Fortress look like in its prime?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress was built as a compact, symmetrical four-pointed star fort on the Dnipro riverbank. Angular projecting bastions were joined by low, straight curtain walls around a central rectangular enclosure, with a raised causeway to the shore. Parapets, gun emplacements, detached outworks and a small fortified quay gave it a low, military silhouette.

Question 5

Is Kodak Fortress still standing or is it a ruin?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress is now a ruin, with only earthwork remains surviving. Two thirds of the fortress was destroyed by a granite quarry, which closed in 1994, and one wall remained from the fortifications. The native-language account also states that only the earth banks, a memorial sign and a plan-map have survived.

Question 6

Where is Kodak Fortress?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress was built near Stari Kodaky, about 10 kilometres below the modern city of Dnipro, on the right bank of the Dnipro River. It stood opposite the Kodak rapids, near the mouth of the Samara River. The remains are now on the territory of the village of Stari Kodaky, on the edge of Dnipro.

Question 7

Who built Kodak Fortress?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress was built by order of Władysław IV Vasa and the Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, under the direction of the French engineer Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan. After the first fort was captured and partly destroyed in 1635, the German engineer Friedrich Getkant rebuilt it in a larger form, completed in 1639.

Question 8

Why was Kodak Fortress built, and what was it used for?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress was built to control the Zaporozhian Cossacks and isolate the Zaporozhian Sich. It also guarded the southeastern corner of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, restricted movement towards the Black Sea and helped prevent peasants joining the Cossacks. Later, it served as a Cossack strongpoint and rear base before its destruction in 1711.

Question 9

Was Kodak Fortress ever attacked or besieged?

Accepted Answer

Kodak Fortress was attacked and captured twice in the 17th century. Cossack forces under Ivan Sulyma seized it in a surprise attack on the night of 11–12 August 1635, killing the German garrison and demolishing the fort. In 1648, the Cossacks captured it after a seven-month siege; the fortress surrendered on 1 October.

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